White House pressing Ukraine to draft 18-year-olds so they have enough troops to battle Russia

White House pressing Ukraine to draft 18-year-olds so they have enough troops to battle Russia
President Joe Biden's administration is urging Ukraine to quickly increase the size of its military by drafting more troops and revamping its mobilization laws to allow for the conscription of troops as young as 18. (AFP/File)
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Updated 27 November 2024
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White House pressing Ukraine to draft 18-year-olds so they have enough troops to battle Russia

White House pressing Ukraine to draft 18-year-olds so they have enough troops to battle Russia
  • The official said “the pure math” of Ukraine’s situation now is that it needs more troops in the fight
  • The Ukrainians believe they need about 160,000 additional troops, but the US administration believes they probably will need more than that

WASHINGTON: President Joe Biden’s administration is urging Ukraine to quickly increase the size of its military by drafting more troops and revamping its mobilization laws to allow for the conscription of troops as young as 18.
A senior Biden administration official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss the private consultations, said Wednesday that the outgoing Democratic administration wants Ukraine to lower the mobilization age to 18 from the current age of 25 to help expand the pool of fighting-age men available to help a badly outnumbered Ukraine in its nearly three-year-old war with Russia.
The official said “the pure math” of Ukraine’s situation now is that it needs more troops in the fight.
The White House has pushed more than $56 billion in security assistance to Ukraine since the start of Russia’s February 2022 invasion and expects to send billions more to Kyiv before Biden leaves office in less than months.
But with time running out, the Biden White House is also sharpening its viewpoint that Ukraine has the weaponry it needs and now must dramatically increase its troop levels if it’s going to stay in the fight with Russia.
The official said the Ukrainians believe they need about 160,000 additional troops, but the US administration believes they probably will need more than that.
More than 1 million Ukrainians are now in uniform, including National Guard and other units.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has also been hearing concerns from allies in other Western capitals that Ukraine has a troop level problem and not an arms problem, according to European officials who requested anonymity to discuss the sensitive diplomatic conversations.
The European allies have also stressed that the lack of depth means that it may soon become untenable for Ukraine to continue to operate in Russia’s Kursk border region that Ukraine seized this year. The situation in Kursk has become further complicated by the arrival of thousands of North Korean troops who have come to help Moscow try to claw back the land.
The stepped-up push on Ukraine to strengthen its fighting ranks also comes as Ukraine braces for President-elect Donald Trump to take office on Jan. 20. The Republican said he would bring about a swift end to the war and has raised uncertainty about whether his administration would continue the vital US military support for Ukraine.
“There are no easy answers to Ukraine’s serious manpower shortage, but lowering the draft age would help,” said Bradley Bowman, senior director of the Center on Military and Political Power at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies. “These are obviously difficult decisions for a government and society that has already endured so much due to Russia’s invasion.”
Ukraine has taken steps to broaden the pool of draft-eligible men, but the efforts have only scratched the surface against a much larger Russian military.
In April, Ukraine’s parliament passed a series of laws, including lowering its draft-eligible age for men from 27 to 25, aimed at broadening the universe of men who could be called on to join the grinding war.
Those laws also did away with some draft exemptions and created an online registry for recruits. They were expected to add about 50,000 troops, far short of what Zelensky said at the time was needed.
Zelensky has consistently stated that he has no plans to lower the mobilization age. A senior Ukrainian official, who was not authorized to comment publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity, said Ukraine does not have enough equipment to match the scale of its ongoing mobilization efforts.
The official said Ukrainian officials see the push to the lower the draft age as part of an effort by some Western partners to deflect attention from their own delays in providing equipment or belated decisions. The official cited as an example the delay in giving Ukraine permission to use longer-range weapons to strike deep into Russian territory.
The Ukrainians do not see lowering the draft age to recruit more soldiers as a substitute for countering Russia’s advantage in equipment and weaponry, the official said.
Conscription has been a sensitive matter in Ukraine throughout the war. Russia’s own problems with adequate troop levels and planning early in the war prevented Moscow from taking full advantage of its edge. But the tide has shifted and the US says the Ukrainian shortage can no longer be overlooked.
Some Ukrainians have expressed worry that further lowering the minimum conscription age and taking more young adults out of the workforce could backfire by further harming the war-ravaged economy.
The senior Biden administration official added that the administration believes that Ukraine can also optimize its current force by more aggressively dealing with soldiers who desert or go absent without leave.


New standards, leisure infrastructure as Philippines taps into Muslim travel market

New standards, leisure infrastructure as Philippines taps into Muslim travel market
Updated 3 min 3 sec ago
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New standards, leisure infrastructure as Philippines taps into Muslim travel market

New standards, leisure infrastructure as Philippines taps into Muslim travel market
  • Govt plans special halal tourism packages, tourism undersecretary says
  • To draw more visitors, Philippines tries to improve air connectivity with Gulf states

MANILA: Recognizing the growing significance of the global halal travel market, the Philippines is adapting its tourist infrastructure and introducing new standards to receive more visitors from Muslim countries.

Although the Philippines is predominantly Catholic, it is home to a sizable Muslim minority. Islam, the oldest monotheistic religion in the region, has more than 600 years of history that is reflected in the country’s cultural heritage.

The government has been working to combine this rich history with the Philippines’ famous white sandy beaches, diving spots and warm hospitality to expand its tourism markets, particularly targeting visitors from the Middle East.

“It has only been recently that Muslim-friendly initiatives and efforts have gone full throttle. However, the DOT already has a number of programs in place to attract Muslim travelers, to include the Middle East market,” Department of Tourism Undersecretary Myra Paz Abubakar told Arab News.

“Most of our efforts focus on developing and institutionalizing standards that will protect the interests of Muslim travelers, ensuring that their travels to the Philippines will be enjoyable without compromising their faith.”

One of the key steps taken by the DOT is the introduction of the Muslim-friendly accommodation establishments program, which encourages hotels and resorts to meet specific standards that cater to Muslim travelers.

“From the reception areas to the guest rooms, to the availability of prayer rooms . . . we want our Muslim visitors to feel at home,” Abubakar said.

“The Department of Tourism has a training module on understanding Muslim travelers, as well as on halal and Muslim-friendly tourism. Beyond this, the DOT also developed standards for Muslim-friendly accommodation establishments ... currently, there are 17 accommodation establishments officially recognized as DOT Muslim-friendly.”

Thirteen of the properties are operated by the Megaworld Group, the largest hospitality chain in the Philippines, which last year also opened Marhaba Boracay, a cove area dedicated to Muslim women travelers in Boracay, the country’s top resort island.

“Beyond this, we are also exploring the creation of tailored halal tourism packages for Muslim travelers, including Saudi Arabians. This is in coordination with the different tour operators and travel agencies in the Philippines,” Abubakar said.

“Since the Philippines has a rich history in Islam, there are a number of destinations, activities, and offerings that align with the cultural and religious values of Arab visitors, and Muslims in general.”

One of the most iconic sites is the Sheikh Karimul Makdum Mosque in Tawi-Tawi province. Sitting on the island of Simunul, the mosque is surrounded by coastal waters. Constructed in 1380 by the Arab trader and missionary Makhdum Karimul, it is the oldest mosque in the Philippines.

Besides the mosque, there are also numerous sites throughout Tawi-Tawi related to the Sulu Sultanate, whose rulers played a key role in the spread of Islam in the southern Philippines. Established in the 15th century, the sultanate played an important role in regional trade networks and was a center of resistance to Spanish and later American colonial powers.

While DOT records show steady growth in tourist arrivals from Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Jordan and Bahrain, one of the major challenges in expanding the Philippines’ appeal in the region is increasing air connectivity to key cities such as Dubai and Riyadh.

Warren Palacio, chief of the DOT’s Routes Department, said that negotiations with airlines from the Gulf states were underway to address these issues.

“There is a pending request from the UAE to hold air service agreement negotiation talks,” he told Arab News.

“Maybe within the next two or three months, I think we will have the air negotiation, the air service agreement to be scheduled. Then that’s where we’ll move forward when the flights will be increased and more seat capacity will be in place.”


One thousand South Africans gather for pro-Trump rally

One thousand South Africans gather for pro-Trump rally
Updated 3 sec ago
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One thousand South Africans gather for pro-Trump rally

One thousand South Africans gather for pro-Trump rally

PRETORIA: About a thousand people gathered outside the US embassy in Pretoria on Saturday to show their support for President Donald Trump after he hit out at the “injust” treatment of white South Africans.
Denouncing a recent law on land expropriation and murders committed against farmers, 1,200 people took part in the rally, according to the South African police.
“It’s the first time we’ve seen in my lifetime that a foreign president stands up for the Afrikaner people like what we’ve seen him do, so we have to support this,” said Walter Wobben, a 52-year-old owner of a cattle farm in the Western Cape province, referring to the descendents of Dutch settlers.
He handed out “Make Afrikaners Great Again” caps to the all-white crowd, which included bikers in black leather, fans of the local Bulls rugby team and farmers wearing traditional beige shirts and shorts with leather boots.
“Less than 100 kilometers (62 miles) from here my uncle and aunt were brutally attacked, and my uncle died in hospital after being in emergency care for about three weeks,” he said.
“My aunt is still in a wheelchair. She’s never recovered, she can’t walk. And she’s got brain damage. Two elderly people in their 80s.”
The country, which had a population of 62 million according to the 2022 census, suffers from one of the highest homicide rates in the world, with nearly 28,000 murders recorded in the year from February 2023 to February 2024, according to the latest annual statistics released by police.
“There are so many other things happening in South Africa, but nobody gives specific attention to farm killings,” said Rose Basson, 64. “No one other than Trump talks about what’s happening. They ignore it.”
Between rows of motorbikes and pick-up trucks, Basson, a doctor of psychology turned chess teacher, said she believes that there are “too many racial laws.”
Whites represented a little more than seven percent of the population but owned 72 percent of agricultural land in 2017, according to government figures. Laws passed since 1994 aim to roll back the legacy of expropriation of black-owned land under colonization and then apartheid.


After revolution, Bangladesh textbooks rewrite history

After revolution, Bangladesh textbooks rewrite history
Updated 6 min ago
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After revolution, Bangladesh textbooks rewrite history

After revolution, Bangladesh textbooks rewrite history
  • A student-led uprising last year overthrew iron-fisted premier Sheikh Hasina
  • The ouster came as public anger over her increasingly autocratic rule boiled over

DHAKA: Bangladeshi high schooler Laiba is being educated for the future, but what she learns has been determined by the latest chapter in her country’s battle over its past.
Last year, a student-led revolution overthrew the government of iron-fisted premier Sheikh Hasina when public anger over her increasingly autocratic rule boiled over.
Her ouster has prompted Bangladesh to do something that has followed every sudden change in national leadership: rewrite its history books to suit new orthodoxies.
“The tradition of altering history must stop at some point — the sooner, the better,” Laiba’s mother Suraiya Akhtar Jahan told AFP.
“Textbooks should not change every time a new government takes office.”
Radical changes to the school curriculum are routine in Bangladesh, where febrile political divisions dating back to its ruinous 1971 independence war against Pakistan have persisted.
Until this year, textbooks gave special exaltation to the country’s first president Sheikh Mujibur Rahman for spearheading that liberation struggle.
But Mujib, assassinated in 1975 in a military coup, is also Hasina’s father, and his daughter’s disgrace and exile has dented the late leader’s stature.
“The books had turned into one side’s political manifesto,” AKM Riazul Hassan, head of the national agency tasked with reforming the curriculum, told AFP.
“That does not conform to the purpose of textbooks. We tried to get them back on track.”
New history books have expunged dozens of poems, speeches and articles penned by Mujib, alongside images of his daughter.
They instead now valorize the hundreds of people killed in the protests that ultimately toppled Hasina last summer, while bringing back from exile other previously erased heroes of Bangladesh’s early history.
Among them is former army chief Ziaur Rahman — no relation to Mujib — credited with issuing the first public proclamation of Bangladesh’s independence during the 1971 war.
Zia had been left out of the curriculum during Hasina’s time because he founded the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), her chief opposition.
His return to the page augurs the resurgence of the political force he created, which is strongly favored to win elections expected by next year.
While the overhaul of Bangladesh’s official history gives clues as to the country’s future direction, critics say the new curriculum has its own litany of omissions.
Of particular contention is one of the country’s darkest chapters — the murderous purge of its intellectual elite in the opening days of the 1971 war.
Bangladesh’s main Islamist party Jamaat-e-Islami, which at the time opposed the country’s independence, helped orchestrate these killings in concert with Pakistani forces.
Revised textbooks mention that militia groups were responsible for the murders, without mentioning that the militias were run by Jamaat.
The omission is significant because Jamaat — another party suppressed by Hasina’s government — is likely to be a major force in Bangladesh’s next parliament, and has governed in the past in coalition with the BNP.
Dhaka University professor Mujibur Rahman — no relation to the independence leader — told AFP that the apparently deliberate attempt to obscure details around the purge raised questions about the reasons behind the changes.
“The real question is whether this interim government wants students to learn the actual history,” he added.
Asked about the changes, Hassan said that the textbook commission he helms did not want to trap the nation’s youth “in an endless cycle of hatred.”
“At some point, we need to start reconciliation,” he added. “Should we make our textbooks flooded with hatred? How rational would it be?“
Other signs suggest the new textbooks have conceded several changes to hard-line religious sentiment in the Muslim-majority nation.
Hasina’s government, for all its other shortcomings on rights issues, was lauded for championing the rights of Bangladesh’s transgender community.
The new textbooks excise references to transgender Bangladeshis, a demand long held by Islamist groups.
Hassan acknowledged that the decision had been taken following objections from a Muslim group campaigning against representations of transgender issues in the curriculum.
“We took their concerns into account,” he said, “and made adjustments accordingly to minimize their anxiety.”


Fearful immigrants ask Florida activist to sign guardianship papers for their children

Fearful immigrants ask Florida activist to sign guardianship papers for their children
Updated 15 February 2025
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Fearful immigrants ask Florida activist to sign guardianship papers for their children

Fearful immigrants ask Florida activist to sign guardianship papers for their children
  • Trump has terminated programs that had allowed immigrants a legal entrance to the US and has said all immigrants without authorization should leave

HOMESTEAD: The day before President Donald Trump’s inauguration, a dozen immigrant families came to Nora Sandigo’s ranch to ask her to be a legal guardian of their children. Now they are insisting she come over to their homes to sign the necessary paperwork.
It’s a result of the many ways immigrants who are in the US illegally have changed their travel patterns as many try to stay home as much as possible and avoid going to the homes and offices of advocates such as Sandigo. Many fear they could be caught up in an Immigration and Customs Enforcement operation after Trump campaigned on a promise of mass deportations and has terminated programs that had given immigrants a legal way into the US
In the past few weeks, Sandigo has received hundreds of calls from immigrant parents across the US She said she has been in at least 15 houses where parents have filled out paperwork so Sandigo could sign documents on behalf of their children at schools, hospitals and courts if they are deported. The power of attorney also allows her to help the children travel to reunite with their families.
“Now people are telling us that they are afraid to go out on the street, that they are afraid to drive, that they are afraid that they will stop them on the street,” said Sandigo, a 59-year-old mother of two daughters who lives in Homestead, a city of about 80,000 people south of Miami. “They have asked me to go to where they are instead of them coming to me.”
Immigration arrests under Trump
The White House has said over 8,000 immigrants who were in the country illegally have been arrested since Trump’s inauguration on Jan. 20. ICE averaged 787 arrests a day from Jan. 23 to Jan. 31, compared with a daily average of 311 during a 12-month period that ended Sept. 30 during the Biden administration. ICE has stopped publishing daily arrest totals.
In Homestead, where many immigrants from Mexico and Central America live and work in nurseries and fruit and vegetable fields, some avoid the supermarkets and instead ask neighbors to do their grocery shopping. In front of stores like Home Depot, men no longer stand around looking for work. Others have even stopped going to Sacred Heart Church on Sundays.
“People have stopped coming, and when they come, they ask if the immigration officials came here,” said Elisaul Velazco, the owner of a clothing store downtown. “Everything is paralyzed. Sales have dropped by 60 percent.”
Parents fear their children will be taken from them
For years, Sandigo has prepared immigrant parents for the worst-case scenario: being separated from their children.
Now she goes to those parents instead of having them come to her.
One recent Sunday, she visited four houses and received documents involving over 20 children. In some cases, the children were born in the US and are citizens. The documents do not provide her full legal guardianship or transfer parental rights, but simply allow Sandigo to make decisions on their behalf.
Most parents fear if they do not name a legal guardian, their children will enter the foster care system, they will lose their parental rights and someone else will adopt their children.
Visiting immigrant parents’ homes
Julia, a 36-year-old Guatemalan woman who insisted she be identified only by her first name out of fear of deportation, waited a few minutes before opening the door for Sandigo as a group of people ran out the back door.
“It’s me, Nora, the lady you phoned to come,” Sandigo told her.
Julia opened the door a crack, saw Sandigo and then came out. Julia explained her husband had been detained days earlier while in a van with other immigrants on their way to a construction job.
After a brief conversation, Julia invited Sandigo, a notary and a volunteer into her small house.
Julia recalled that eight years ago her first husband, also Guatemalan, was deported, leaving her behind with their two American children, now 18 and 11 years old.
“We are afraid. I feel very sad with life because of what I am going through,” said Julia, her voice breaking and her eyes getting watery.
The notary asked Julia to show her daughter’s birth certificate and explained the son is an adult and doesn’t need a guardian.
“I don’t want my children to be taken away from me. If something happens to me, I want them with me,” she said before signing the power of attorney naming Sandigo as the legal guardian of the youngest.
In the backyard of another home, Albertina, a 36-year-old Mexican mother, held her 2-month-old baby while explaining what she wants for her six children if she is deported. Albertina also insisted only her first name be used.
“I am very afraid that they will grab me on the road and take me away. What’s going to happen to them?” she said of her children.
She asked Sandigo to take care of her two oldest daughters, 15 and 17, because they do not want to go to Mexico, while Sandigo should send the other four to her home country.
Sandigo has been a guardian for 2,000 children
Sandigo relates to the families she helps. A devout Catholic, she fled Nicaragua when she was 16, leaving behind her parents after the Sandinista government confiscated her family’s farm. She is now a US citizen.
About 15 years ago, she began offering to be a legal guardian to immigrant children. About 22 children of deported parents have lived in her house temporarily since then. More than 2,000 children have been under her guardianship, although some are now adults. Sandigo said she has assisted hundreds of those children.
“I feel empathy for them, solidarity, love for God. I want to do something,” she said.


Myanmar junta criticizes Argentina arrest warrant

Myanmar junta criticizes Argentina arrest warrant
Updated 15 February 2025
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Myanmar junta criticizes Argentina arrest warrant

Myanmar junta criticizes Argentina arrest warrant
  • Myanmar’s ruling junta criticized an Argentine court on Saturday for issuing an arrest warrant for its top leader over alleged “genocide and crimes against humanity” toward the Rohingya minority

YANGON: Myanmar’s ruling junta criticized an Argentine court on Saturday for issuing an arrest warrant for its top leader over alleged “genocide and crimes against humanity” toward the Rohingya minority.
The Rohingyas are a predominantly Muslim community from Buddhist-majority Myanmar where, according to Amnesty International, they have been subjected to apartheid conditions.
This week an Argentine court issued warrants for military and civilian officials including junta leader Min Aung Hlaing, ex-president Htin Kyaw, and former elected civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi.
The ruling, seen by AFP on Friday, was issued in response to a complaint filed in Argentina by a Rohingya advocacy group.
In response, junta spokesman Zaw Min Tun said: “Does Argentina know Myanmar? The Myanmar government does know Argentina.”
“We like to suggest Argentina to appoint their needed and vacant judge positions firstly for their domestic judiciary if they want to criticize Myanmar according to the law,” he told journalists in a message on Saturday.
Zaw Min Tun’s comments appear to reference reports in December that Buenos Aires needed to name 150 judges across all levels of the judiciary.


The legal complaint was filed under the principle of universal jurisdiction, by which countries can prosecute crimes regardless of where they occurred if, like genocide or war crimes, they are considered sufficiently serious.
Of those subject to arrest warrants, Aung San Suu Kyi is named over her role as state counsellor from 2016 to 2021, when she was ousted in a coup.
She has been accused by detractors of doing little to stop the abuse of Rohingya during that time.
Min Aung Hlaing is also under investigation by the International Criminal Court, while the International Court of Justice — the UN’s highest tribunal — is examining a complaint of “genocide” against Myanmar.
Many Rohingya have been forced to flee persecution and violence to refugee camps in Bangladesh or risk their lives on perilous sea journeys to try to reach Malaysia or Indonesia through Thailand.
Myanmar has been in turmoil since the 2021 coup that sparked renewed clashes with ethnic rebels and saw the formation of dozens of “People’s Defense Forces” now battling the junta.
Tun Khin, president of the Burmese Rohingya Organization UK, welcomed the latest ruling as an “historic step toward justice for Rohingya and everyone in Burma suffering under the Burmese military.”
It was “also a victory for international justice at a time of growing violations of international law worldwide,” he said in a statement released Friday.