India’s new UNESCO site museum reveals Mughal emperor’s life, legacy

Special India’s new UNESCO site museum reveals Mughal emperor’s life, legacy
Visitors look at artifacts at the Humayun World Heritage Site Museum — the newest addition in Humayun’s Tomb complex — in New Delhi on July 29, 2024. (AN Photo)
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Updated 31 July 2024
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India’s new UNESCO site museum reveals Mughal emperor’s life, legacy

India’s new UNESCO site museum reveals Mughal emperor’s life, legacy
  • Humayun World Heritage Site Museum in New Delhi opened for visitors on Tuesday
  • Latest addition to 16th-century tomb complex ‘brings alive 700 years of heritage’

NEW DELHI: The second Mughal emperor Humayun was widely known as an avid reader fond of journeys, architecture, and storytelling. Almost half a millennium after his death, a new museum in the heart of New Delhi highlights his role in shaping India’s cultural heritage.
Opened for visitors on Tuesday, the Humayun World Heritage Site Museum is the newest addition in Humayun’s Tomb complex — a landmark 300-acre area in New Delhi’s Nizamuddin that features dozens of historical monuments and includes Sunder Nursery, a 16th-century heritage park.
The advent of the Mughal dynasty, which ruled the Indian subcontinent between the 16th and 19th centuries, marked the global revival of Islamic architecture, with works that until today are examples of the highest quality and refinement.
Originally from Central Asia, the Mughals carried cultural elements borrowed from Arabs, Persians and Ottomans. As they settled in India, they fused these with the various local styles found in their new domains.
Humayun was the son and successor of Babur, founder of the dynasty, and ruled the empire from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 until his death the following year.
The new museum, established by the Agha Khan Trust for Culture and the Archaeological Survey of India, traces Humayun and his descendants’ lives, as well as the 700-year-old history of the whole Nizamuddin locality and its influence on Indian culture.
“There are hundreds of stories to be told, which the stones don’t speak,” Ratish Nanda, conservation architect and projects director at the AKTC, told Arab News.
“The idea is to bring alive 700 years of heritage.”
The museum is located in Humayun’s Tomb, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the first of the grand mausoleums that became synonymous with Mughal architectural innovations and, three generations later, culminated in the construction of India’s most iconic monument, the Taj Mahal.
About 7 million tourists from across India and abroad visit the complex every year.
“The idea is that people who now visit the World Heritage Site come with a deep understanding of the site,” Nanda said.
“We’ve been able to ... combine architectural elements with incredible manuscripts, miniature paintings, calligraphy, textiles, coins, metalware, architectural elements — one is two one scale — with lots of films and digital technology, and models and so on.”
Spanning five galleries, the underground museum has over 500 artefacts sourced from the collections of the National Museum in New Delhi, ASI and AKTC.
“It captures the 700 years of history that is associated with the region of Nizamuddin and the World Heritage site of Humayun’s Tomb ...This museum really captures the history,” said Ujwala Menon, AKTC conservation architect.
“The principal gallery talks about Humayun. There’s very little known about this emperor, and one of the things with this museum is to really address that ... Then we have a second section of this gallery which talks about the personalities that are associated with Nizamuddin.”
Among the famed figures featured in the second gallery are Nizamuddin Auliya and Amir Khusro.
Auliya was an 13th-century Indian Sunni Muslim scholar, Sufi saint of the Chishti Order, and is one of the most famous Sufis from the Indian subcontinent. His shrine and tomb are located near Humayun’s complex.
Khusro was a 13th-century poet and scholar who remains an iconic figure in the culture of the subcontinent.
Both Auliya and Khusro lived during the period of the Delhi Sultanate, which Humayun’s father conquered, leading to its succession by the Mughal empire. The museum shows how the empire did not come to its bloom in a cultural vacuum, but drew from and incorporated the culture of its predecessors.
“There was this idea of pluralism that existed during the Mughal period,” Menon said.
“And this (museum) really captures all of that.”


Pakistan threatens to deport Afghans in resettlement programs if cases are not swiftly processed

Pakistan threatens to deport Afghans in resettlement programs if cases are not swiftly processed
Updated 04 February 2025
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Pakistan threatens to deport Afghans in resettlement programs if cases are not swiftly processed

Pakistan threatens to deport Afghans in resettlement programs if cases are not swiftly processed
  • An estimated 800,000 Afghans have either gone back voluntarily or been deported since despite criticism from UN agencies, rights groups and the Taliban

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan threatened to deport Afghan refugees awaiting relocation unless their cases are swiftly processed by host governments, officials said Monday.
Tens of thousands of Afghans fled to neighboring Pakistan after the Taliban took over in 2021 and were approved for resettlement in the US through a program that helps people at risk because of their work with the American government, media, aid agencies and rights groups. However, after US President Donald Trump paused US refugee programs last month, around 20,000 Afghans are now in limbo in Pakistan.
The Trump administration also announced the US Refugee Admissions Program would be suspended from Jan. 27 for at least three months, fueling concerns amid Pakistani authorities.
Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif decided last week that the refugees would be deported back to Afghanistan unless their cases were processed quickly, according to two security officials. They spoke on condition of anonymity as they were not authorized to talk to the media on the record.
The two also said March 31 has been set as a deadline to expel Afghan refugees from the capital, Islamabad, and the nearby city of Rawalpindi in preparation for their deportation if they are not relocated to their host countries.
There was no immediate response from Pakistan’s ministry of foreign affairs.
News about forced deportations has panicked many Afghan nationals who fear for their lives if sent back home.
Ahmad Shah, a member of the Afghan US Refugee Admission Program advocacy group, told The Associated Press that the latest decision by Pakistan comes at a very critical time as Afghan refugees in general and those seeking resettlement are already under emotional stress and trauma.
He asked Pakistan to seek answers from the United States and other countries “if and when they will begin completing the process” for their relocation.
“We appeal to Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif not to be deported like this,” said Khalid Khan who has been waiting for relocation to the United States since 2023.
Khan said some Afghans prepared to leave Islamabad and move to other cities to avoid arrest. He also urged the host countries to expedite their cases.
Another Afghan refugee who lives in Islamabad with his family, and who refused to be identified because he is worried about the Taliban reprisals and arrest by Pakistan, urged Trump to revive the refugee program “in the name of humanity.”
Besides those living in Pakistan and the thousands awaiting travel to host countries, there are around 1.45 million Afghan nationals registered with UNHCR as refugees. Their stay has been extended until June.
Pakistan started a crackdown on foreigners who are in the country without proper documentation in November 2023. An estimated 800,000 Afghans have either gone back voluntarily or been deported since despite criticism from UN agencies, rights groups and the Taliban.
The two officials said the crackdown will continue in the coming months.
Last month, Amnesty International expressed its concern over “reports of arbitrary detention and harassment of Afghan refugees and asylum-seekers by law enforcement agencies in Islamabad.”


US military flight deporting migrants to India, official says

US military flight deporting migrants to India, official says
Updated 04 February 2025
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US military flight deporting migrants to India, official says

US military flight deporting migrants to India, official says
  • President Donald Trump has increasingly turned to the military to help carry out his immigration agenda
  • Military flights are a costly way to transport migrants — a military deportation flight to Guatemala likely cost at least $4,675 per migrant

WASHINGTON: A US military plane is deporting migrants to India, a US official said on Monday, the farthest destination of the Trump administration’s military transport flights for migrants.
President Donald Trump has increasingly turned to the military to help carry out his immigration agenda, including sending additional troops to the US-Mexico border, using military aircraft to deport migrants and opening military bases to house them.
The official, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said the C-17 aircraft had departed for India with migrants aboard but would not arrive for at least 24 hours.
The Pentagon has also started providing flights to deport more than 5,000 immigrants held by US authorities in El Paso, Texas, and San Diego, California.
So far, military aircraft have flown migrants to Guatemala, Peru and Honduras.
The military flights are a costly way to transport migrants. Reuters reported that a military deportation flight to Guatemala last week likely cost at least $4,675 per migrant.


Italy PM named in complaint over freed Libya police head: report

Italy PM named in complaint over freed Libya police head: report
Updated 04 February 2025
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Italy PM named in complaint over freed Libya police head: report

Italy PM named in complaint over freed Libya police head: report
  • Najim’s repatriation has caused a major political row in Italy, and a special court is considering an investigation into Meloni and her justice and interior ministers for their role into Najim’s release

ROME: A migrant who says he was tortured by a Libyan war crimes suspect has filed a complaint with prosecutors claiming Italy’s prime minister enabled the suspect to go free, news reports said Monday.
The migrant from South Sudan, Lam Magok, alleges he was imprisoned in a Tripoli detention center run by Osama Almasri Najim — who is wanted by the International Criminal Court (ICC) on charges including murder, rape and torture.
Najim was detained in the northern Italian city of Turin on January 19 on an ICC warrant, only to be released and flown home to Tripoli on an Italian air force plane two days later.
Magok claims he was beaten and kicked by the police chief and his guards, according to the reports, which said Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and two senior ministers were named in his complaint.
The complaint filed in Rome could prompt an investigation from prosecutors.
“The Italian government has made me a victim twice, nullifying the possibility of obtaining justice both for all the people, like me, who survived his violence,” he wrote, according to passages of the lawsuit published by local media.
Neither Magok’s lawyer nor Meloni’s government immediately replied to a request for comment or confirmation.
Najim’s repatriation has caused a major political row in Italy, and a special court is considering an investigation into Meloni and her justice and interior ministers for their role into Najim’s release.
Meloni has called the probe politically motivated.
In a press conference at parliament last week, Magok said he and other migrants were beaten when they tried to flee Tripoli’s Mitiga detention center run by Najim.
The police chied “beat us, tortured us for days,” said Magok, according to Italian news agency Ansa, adding that he was forced to remove dead migrants’ bodies.
“It was something that I will never forget and it is unthinkable that one might be forced to do this. We want justice,” he said.
Justice Minister Carlo Nordio and Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi are also named in Magok’s complaint, according to reports.
Najim was freed after an Italian appeals court ruled he could not be detained in jail due to a technicality involving Nordio failing to respond in time to the ICC request.
Piantedosi then claimed the government had no choice but to repatriate Najim because he was considered too dangerous to remain in Italy.
Meloni has also defended the expulsion of the Libyan police chief, asking why the ICC only issued the warrant as he entered Italy after “spending a dozen calm days in three other European countries.”
 

 


South Africa ‘will not let up’ support for DR Congo

South Africa ‘will not let up’ support for DR Congo
Updated 03 February 2025
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South Africa ‘will not let up’ support for DR Congo

South Africa ‘will not let up’ support for DR Congo
  • It is the latest escalation in a mineral-rich region devastated by decades of fighting involving dozens of armed groups and has rattled the continent

JOHANNESBURG: President Cyril Ramaphosa vowed Monday to continue providing support to the Democratic Republic of Congo in the face of nationwide calls to withdraw troops following the death of 14 South African soldiers.

Rwanda-backed M23 fighters have made substantial gains in the eastern DRC, taking the major city of Goma last week and vowing to march across the country to the capital, Kinshasa.

It is the latest escalation in a mineral-rich region devastated by decades of fighting involving dozens of armed groups and has rattled the continent, with regional blocs holding emergency summits over the spiraling tensions.

“Achieving a lasting peace and security for the eastern DRC and the region requires the collective will of the community of nations,” Ramaphosa said in a statement. “South Africa will not let up in its support to the people of the DRC.”

Fourteen soldiers from South Africa have been killed in the conflict, prompting calls for a withdrawal, including from the radical Economic Freedom Fighters party.

Most of the soldiers killed were part of a peacekeeping mission sent to eastern DRC in 2023 by the 16-nation Southern African Development Community, or SADC.

“The deployment ... is reckless and unjustifiable,” EFF leader Julius Malema said Monday.

“With the increasing hostility involving the M23 rebels, it is imperative that South Africa withdraws its troops to ensure their safety.”

Ramaphosa highlighted that the SADC mission had operational time frames and an end date.

“The mission will wind down in accordance with the implementation of various confidence-building measures and when the ceasefire we have called for takes root,” he said.

“For a lasting peace to be secured in the eastern Confo, there must be an immediate end to hostilities and a ceasefire that must be respected by all.”

The SADC last week called for a summit with the eight-country East African Community to “deliberate on the way forward regarding the security situation in Congo.”

The move followed a meeting by SADC that pledged unwavering support for Congo and reiterated backing for mediation efforts led by Angola and Kenya.

The summit in the Zimbabwean capital Harare also dispatched officials to Congo to ensure SADC troops are safe and to facilitate the repatriation of the dead and wounded who are still in the country.

South Africa dominates the SADC force, which is estimated to number around 1,300 troops, but Malawi and Tanzania also contribute soldiers.

Commentators and analysts have questioned the quality of the support and equipment available to the South African National Defense Force, citing budget cuts in the cash-strapped government.

The Democratic Alliance party, which has demanded a debate in parliament over the deployment, said it wanted to know “why our troops were deployed without the required support including air support.”

“The government has kept increasing the SANDF’s mandate while cutting its funding and capabilities,” Guy Martin, editor of an African magazine defenseWeb, wrote in the local Sunday Times newspaper.


Trump says newly created US sovereign wealth fund could buy TikTok

Trump says newly created US sovereign wealth fund could buy TikTok
Updated 03 February 2025
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Trump says newly created US sovereign wealth fund could buy TikTok

Trump says newly created US sovereign wealth fund could buy TikTok
  • Trump signed executive order to create sovereign wealth fund
  • TikTok, which has about 170 million American users, was briefly taken offline

WASHINGTON: President Donald Trump on Monday signed an executive order directing the US to take steps to start developing a government-owned investment fund that he said could be used to profit off of TikTok if he’s successful at finding it an American buyer.
Trump signed an order on his first day office to grant the Chinese-owned TikTok until early April to find a domestic partner or buyer, but he’s said he’s looking for the US to take a 50 percent stake in the massive social media platform. He said Monday in the Oval Office that TikTok was an example of what he could put in a new US sovereign wealth fund.
“We might put that in the sovereign wealth fund, whatever we make or we do a partnership with very wealthy people, a lot of options,” he said of TikTok. “But we could put that as an example in the fund. We have a lot of other things that we could put in the fund.”
Trump noted many other nations have such investment funds and predicted that the US could eventually top Saudi Arabia’s fund size. “Eventually we’ll catch it,” he promised.
Trump put Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick in charge of laying the groundwork for creating a the fund, which would likely require congressional approval.
Former President Joe Biden’s administration had studied the possibility of creating a sovereign wealth fund for national security investments, but the idea did not yield any concrete action before he left office last month.
Bessent said the administration’s goal was to have the fund open within the next 12 months, and Lutnick said another use of the fund could have been for the government to take an profit-earning stake in vaccine manufacturers.
“The extraordinary size and scale of the USgovernment and the business it does with companies should create value for American citizens,” Lutnick told reporters.