Oil Updates – prices slip after Iran plays down reported Israeli attack

Update Oil Updates – prices slip after Iran plays down reported Israeli attack
At 5:00 a.m. Saudi time, Brent futures were up $2.63, or 3 percent, to $89.74 a barrel. Shutterstock
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Updated 19 April 2024
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Oil Updates – prices slip after Iran plays down reported Israeli attack

Oil Updates – prices slip after Iran plays down reported Israeli attack

LONDON: Oil slipped on Friday following an earlier price spike of more than $3 after Iran played down reported Israeli attacks on its soil, in a sign that an escalation of hostilities in the Middle East might be avoided, according to Reuters.

Brent futures were down 48 cents, or 0.6 percent, at $86.63 a barrel by 2:55 p.m. Saudi time. The most active US West Texas Intermediate contract was down 38 cents, or 0.5 percent, to $82.35.

Explosions were heard in the Iranian city of Isfahan on Friday in what sources described as an Israeli attack, but Tehran played down the incident and indicated it had no plans for retaliation in a response that could ease concerns about escalation into a region-wide war.

Iran struck Israel with a barrage of drones and ballistic missiles on Saturday in retaliation for a presumed Israeli air strike on April 1 that destroyed a building in Iran’s embassy compound in Damascus and killed several top Iranian officers.

“Whilst the initial spike in oil may have highlighted the initial fear of further escalation, we have seen both equities and crude reverse some of those preliminary moves,” said Joshua Mahony, chief market analyst at Scope Markets.

“Events of the past week appear to be more about showing their willingness to act rather than actually seeking to incite a war ...For markets this is a best case scenario.”

Investors had been closely monitoring Israel’s reaction to the April 13 Iranian drone attacks and have been gradually unwinding oil’s risk premium this week.

Prices have fallen more than 4 percent since Monday and are set for their biggest weekly loss since early February.

“The oil market is nonetheless concerned as there is too much oil supply at stake,” said Bjarne Schieldrop, commodities analyst at SEB Research.

Meanwhile, US lawmakers have tucked sanctions on Iran’s oil exports into a pending Ukraine aid package which targets ships, ports or refineries that process Iranian crude and transactions from Chinese financial institutions involving purchases of petroleum from Iran.

Iran is the third largest oil producer in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, according to Reuters data.

The US also announced sanctions this week on Iran targeting its unmanned aerial vehicle production.


Oil Updates — crude to snap 3-week losing streak amid US tariff delays

Oil Updates — crude to snap 3-week losing streak amid US tariff delays
Updated 14 February 2025
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Oil Updates — crude to snap 3-week losing streak amid US tariff delays

Oil Updates — crude to snap 3-week losing streak amid US tariff delays

SINGAPORE: Oil prices rose in Asian trade on Friday, poised to end three weeks of decline, buoyed by rising fuel demand and expectations that US plans for global reciprocal tariffs would not come into effect until April, giving more time to avoid a trade war.

Brent futures were up 23 cents, or 0.3 percent, at $75.25 a barrel by 8:05 a.m. Saudi time, while US West Texas Intermediate crude gained 16 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $71.45.

For the week, Brent was up about 0.6 percent and WTI 0.5 percent.

US President Donald Trump on Thursday ordered commerce and economics officials to study reciprocal tariffs against countries that place tariffs on US goods and to return their recommendations by April 1.

“Positive development on the trade front in light of US tariff delays paves the way for some recovery in oil prices this morning, as the risk environment warms up to the prospects of further trade consensus being reached,” said Yeap Jun Rong, a market strategist at IG.

“However, gains in oil prices may seem limited as market participants have to digest the prospects of Russian supplies being brought back on the market amid potential Ukraine-Russia peace talks,” Yeap said.

A potential peace deal between Russia and Ukraine kept traders concerned that an end of sanctions on Moscow could boost global energy supplies.

Trump ordered US officials this week to begin talks on ending the war in Ukraine, after Russian President Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky expressed a desire for peace in separate phone calls with him.

Russian oil exports could be sustained if workarounds to the latest US sanctions package are found, after Russian crude production rose slightly last month, the International Energy Agency (IEA) said in its latest oil market report.

Meanwhile, global oil demand has surged to 103.4 million barrels per day, a 1.4 million bpd increase year-over-year, analysts at JPMorgan said in a report on Friday.

“Initially sluggish, demand for mobility and heating fuels picked up in the second week of February, suggesting the gap between actual and projected demand will soon narrow,” JPMorgan said, adding: “Heating fuel use is expected to rise again. Additionally, soaring gas prices in Europe could prompt a shift from gas to oil, boosting demand.” 


Saudi Arabia, IMF lead talks on economic resilience at AlUla summit

Saudi Arabia, IMF lead talks on economic resilience at AlUla summit
Updated 13 February 2025
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Saudi Arabia, IMF lead talks on economic resilience at AlUla summit

Saudi Arabia, IMF lead talks on economic resilience at AlUla summit

JEDDAH: Policymakers, economists, and industry leaders will gather in Saudi Arabia next week for the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, where discussions will focus on global economic shifts, challenges, and the growing influence of artificial intelligence in driving growth. 

The event, set for Feb. 16-17, is a joint initiative between Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Finance and the International Monetary Fund. The annual conference aims to serve as a key platform for addressing structural changes in the global economy and their impact on emerging markets, according to the Saudi Press Agency.  

Saudi Finance Minister Mohammed Al-Jadaan said the forum would provide an opportunity for decision-makers to exchange insights on economic policies designed to navigate current challenges. 

“The conference will also showcase the latest regional and global economic developments, focusing on enhancing prosperity and resilience,” Al-Jadaan said. 

IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva highlighted the significance of the event, noting that it comes at a time of rapid transformation. 

 “It will provide a vital platform for policymakers, the private sector, and key stakeholders to discuss how emerging economies can take advantage of the opportunities offered by current economic shifts, strengthen their competitiveness, and achieve strong growth driven by the private sector,” Georgieva said. 

A January report from Moody’s projected that oil production and large-scale investment projects would accelerate annual economic growth in the Middle East and North Africa by 0.8 percentage points in 2025. 

Saudi Arabia, which is leading economic diversification efforts under Vision 2030, has increasingly positioned itself as a hub for global economic dialogue. The AlUla conference underscores the Kingdom’s efforts to foster international cooperation amid shifting economic dynamics. 


Saudi Arabia’s revenue rises to $336bn in 2024 as non-oil income surges 

Saudi Arabia’s revenue rises to $336bn in 2024 as non-oil income surges 
Updated 13 February 2025
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Saudi Arabia’s revenue rises to $336bn in 2024 as non-oil income surges 

Saudi Arabia’s revenue rises to $336bn in 2024 as non-oil income surges 

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s total government revenues reached SR1.26 trillion ($336 billion) in 2024, marking a 4 percent increase from the previous year and exceeding the initial budget estimates by 7 percent, the latest official data showed. 

According to the budget performance report released by the Ministry of Finance on Thursday, total expenditures stood at SR1.37 trillion, reflecting a 6 percent annual increase, while the budget deficit widened to SR115.63 billion — up 43 percent from 2023 but in line with projections. 

The rise in revenues was primarily fueled by a surge in non-oil income, which accounted for 40 percent of total revenues and reached SR502.47 billion, reflecting a 9.78 percent year-on-year increase. 

Taxes on goods and services accounted for the largest portion of non-oil revenues, comprising 57.5 percent of the total and increasing by 10.03 percent from 2023. 

Other major sources included non-tax revenues at SR121.94 billion, other taxes at SR35.65 billion, taxes on income, profits, and capital gains at SR31.57 billion, and taxes on international trade and transactions at SR24.5 billion, representing a 4.88 percent share in 2024.  

Despite oil remaining the dominant revenue source, its share of total government income declined from 62.24 percent in 2023 to 60 percent in 2024, with revenues from crude oil and petroleum products reaching SR756.62 billion.  

The decline in oil revenues in 2024 was largely attributed to Saudi Arabia’s commitment to production cuts in line with OPEC+ agreements aimed at stabilizing global oil markets.   

Despite this, the Kingdom remains on an expansionary fiscal path, with increased government spending supporting Vision 2030 initiatives. 

The rise in expenditures reflects sustained investment in infrastructure, economic diversification, and social development projects. 

While the budget deficit widened, it remains within expectations and at a manageable level relative to GDP. 

Saudi Arabia continues to uphold a strong fiscal position, reinforced by prudent debt management and favorable credit ratings. The Ministry of Finance, in collaboration with the National Debt Management Center, follows a comprehensive borrowing strategy that ensures long-term sustainability by diversifying financing sources across domestic and international markets. 

The government has also expanded its financing channels through sukuk and bond issuances, project-based funding, and partnerships with export credit agencies. 

These measures, combined with substantial financial reserves, position Saudi Arabia to navigate economic fluctuations while sustaining strategic investments. 

Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman reaffirmed the government’s commitment to fiscal reforms, emphasizing economic diversification and private sector empowerment as key pillars of long-term financial stability. 

Despite global economic uncertainties, the Kingdom remains well-positioned to drive regional and global economic growth.   

Breakdown of expenditures 

Saudi Arabia’s total government spending grew 6 percent year on year, reaching SR1.37 trillion. Employee compensation remained the largest expenditure category, rising by 4 percent to SR558.92 billion. 

Spending on goods and services followed, comprising 24 percent of total expenditures at SR311.25 billion. Non-financial assets capital expenditures, known as CAPEX, accounted for 14 percent of total spending, amounting to SR190.6 billion. 

In the fourth quarter of 2024, government expenditures reached SR360.52 billion, marking a 9 percent decrease compared to the same period in 2023. 

Despite the rise in the budget deficit, the Kingdom’s fiscal performance remained in line with expectations, demonstrating resilience in non-oil revenue growth and continued commitment to economic diversification under Vision 2030. 

In the fourth quarter of 2024, total revenues stood at SR302.86 billion, reflecting a 15 percent drop compared to the same period in 2023 due to lower oil revenues. 

Oil income fell by 31 percent year on year, while revenues from non-oil activities saw a notable 21 percent increase during the same period, according to Ministry data.

Public debt and fiscal management 

Saudi Arabia’s public debt rose to SR1.22 trillion by the end of 2024, a 16 percent increase from the previous year. Domestic debt accounted for 61 percent of the total, while foreign debt made up the remaining 39 percent. 

Public debt has been strategically leveraged to finance large-scale projects and initiatives that are central to Vision 2030, such as infrastructure development, diversification of the economy, and investments in non-oil sectors.

The sustained demand for Saudi debt on the international market also underscores the country’s solid credit ratings and fiscal policies that continue to attract global investors.

This rise in public debt is being managed prudently by the government, which has been focused on ensuring that borrowing supports growth without overstretching fiscal limits.

Furthermore, the Saudi authorities have undertaken reforms to ensure that debt levels do not adversely affect the country’s fiscal health, and that it is being used to generate long-term returns through infrastructure and economic diversification.


PIF’s ROSHN, Johnson Controls Arabia ink deal to propel energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia

PIF’s ROSHN, Johnson Controls Arabia ink deal to propel energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia
Updated 13 February 2025
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PIF’s ROSHN, Johnson Controls Arabia ink deal to propel energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia

PIF’s ROSHN, Johnson Controls Arabia ink deal to propel energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia

RIYADH: Saudi developer ROSHN has signed a deal with Johnson Controls Arabia to introduce advanced cooling technology, strengthening the Kingdom’s push for energy efficiency, said a senior executive. 

In an interview with Arab News on the sidelines of the first day of the Public Investment Fund Private Sector Forum taking place from Feb. 12-13 in Riyadh, Johnson Controls Arabia CEO Mohanad Al-Shaikh explained that the new deal signed with the PIF firm seeks to supply a specialized type of engineered variable refrigerant flow technology that is new to the region to encourage local manufacturing.

This falls in line with Saudi Arabia’s efforts to localize technologies and develop national capabilities in the energy sector, supporting the goals outlined in the Kingdom’s Vision 2030.

It also aligns well with Saudi Arabia’s commitment to have 50 percent of its electricity capacity from renewable sources by 2030.

“It’s (VRF) a technology that allows for a higher level of efficiency of systems to be included in buildings. It targets actually a couple of things. The main thing is the energy efficiency. The energy efficiency ratio of the VRF technology is much better than the traditional on-off technologies that we’ve always used in our houses,” Al-Shaikh said.

“It’s a technology that allows for higher level of efficiencies and it also allows building owners to use less number of machines. So, even for the look and feel of buildings, using this technology would be much better than what we’re used to in our region,” he added.

The CEO emphasized that this step aims to promote localization and local manufacturing, boosting the private sector’s contribution to gross domestic product and increasing the share of industrialization within it, which is in line with Vision 2030.

During the interview, Al-Shaikh highlighted the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning market from a macro level.

“HVAC as an industry, you’re talking about a total market size of $120 billion in the world. In Saudi, we’re talking about SR18 billion ($4.79 billion), the annual sales of HVAC systems. This is growing, actually, in 2025 versus 2024, we’re expecting about 8 percent increase year over year,” he said.

The CEO also underlined how ROSHN has been expanding, saying: “I mean, we’re seeing the projects all across the Kingdom, and this is for us, hopefully, is the first of many, to come and we have signed, this with ROSHN, but we also have other signatures coming up with other PIF companies for mega and giga-projects.”

Al-Shaikh then tackled Johnson Controls Arabia’s operations in the Kingdom.

“We are a company that was established long, long ago. So, our first project was in Jeddah about 75 years ago, under the brand name York. We have about 26 different brands under the Johnson Controls Arabia umbrella. Our flagship, when it comes to HVAC, is the York brand name. Our manufacturing facility in Jeddah is the largest in the Middle Eastern and Africa region in terms of the production capacity and also the footprint of the facility. We have about 11 production lines,” he said.

The CEO added: “We do manufacture products that range from what we use for small to the large to big mega and giga jobs like airports, medical facilities, and cities. And we also have within the facility, we have full-fledged research and development center, labs, testing labs for small residential units and also up to 600-tonne units, and I’m talking about large testing facility.”

Al-Shaikh emphasized that this came as a result of collaboration as well as Saudi Arabia’s vision to localize.

He also disclosed that products manufactured in Saudi today actually comply with products sold in the North American market and Europe.

“This VRF technology, same technology with no modification, has the same level of certification. We’re able to supply it to other places globally. And as I said, the manufacturing facility has allowed us to sell to about 26 different countries in the region. Of course, in the Middle East, but also we’ve reached the North American market by supplying scroll chillers technologies to the US this past year,” the CEO said.

Al-Shaikh mentioned the company’s production capacity, noting that until two years ago, it only manufactured 30 percent of the products it sold in the Kingdom.

“We closed 2024, whereby we are manufacturing 90 percent of what we sell in Saudi the total capacity of the factory,” he said.

“We do have a target in 2025 to have almost 25 to 30 percent of that production capacity going for the North American market because, I mean, our technology, the certifications we have, the type of transfer of technology is allowing us actually not only to serve the Saudi market, but the regional and the global market,” the CEO added.

Moving on to suppliers, Al-Shaikh justified the long-term plan that will potentially see them residing in the Kingdom.

“We are dealing with almost 400 suppliers in our manufacturing facilities. We use about 40,000 different parts to manufacture our finished products. Unfortunately, many of the suppliers are not residing in the Kingdom, and it’s actually a challenge for local manufacturers because when it comes to supply chain resilience, you’ve seen during Corona time, it was an issue. So, while you’re manufacturing the finished goods in Saudi, if your supply chain is not also surrounding you, then it becomes an issue,” he said.

“What we’re trying to do now in collaborations with different partners like the PIF and other companies is to localize and increase our localization targets year over year, whereby and attracting manufacturers of parts to be also near our facility or at least be in the Kingdom. So, the perfect condition is where you’re creating that integrated supply chain similar to the automotive industry where everyone is actually residing in one cluster,” the CEO added.

Al-Shaikh also tackled the outlook on the future of the building technologies and export market in Saudi Arabia.

“Now, with the development of AI and the machine learnings, the focus is shifting not only on the HVAC, on the hardware, but also shifting to on the IT and how you bridge the gap between the IT and the OT, the operational technologies and the information technologies. Because when we talk about net zero and the aim and the aspiration of countries and companies to reach that level, working on the hardware by itself will not allow you to achieve that net zero,” he said.

“So there has to be a linkage between the OT and the IT, and that’s what we’re trying to do in our manufacturing facility,” the CEO added.


Saudi Arabia launches new financing products to boost construction sector

Saudi Arabia launches new financing products to boost construction sector
Updated 53 min 43 sec ago
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Saudi Arabia launches new financing products to boost construction sector

Saudi Arabia launches new financing products to boost construction sector

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia has rolled out Infra-guaranteed financing and surety bonds to support contractors in the construction industry, according to a senior official.

In an interview with Arab News at the third Private Sector Forum in Riyadh on Thursday, Leyla Abdimomunova, head of the Real Estate and Construction at PIF’s National Development Division, explained that her department is focused on strengthening the capabilities of contractors in the Kingdom through various upskilling initiatives and pre-qualification programs.

This push to fortify the construction sector is critical to Saudi Arabia’s broader economic diversification strategy, where infrastructure development plays a key role.

According to Mordor Intelligence, the Kingdom’s construction market is projected to reach $74.11 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.37 percent, ultimately reaching $96.26 billion by 2030.

“One of the biggest issues that the contractors are facing is access to finance and resources, to be able to mobilize for their projects, to purchase materials, and to pay their workers throughout the whole project. And typically banks, they are not very eager to finance construction projects in general because they’re high-risk and smaller contractors in particular,” said Abdimomunova. 

She added: “We have created a number of products specifically targeting contractors. One of them is Infra-guaranteed financing. National Infrastructure Fund guarantees up to 50 percent of the bank loans provided to contractors. We signed the first-ever Infra-backed financing package. It was signed by the National Infrastructure Fund, Arab National Bank, and one of our contractors called Saudi Pan Kingdom Co.”

Abdimomunova stated that the inaugural Infra-guaranteed financing package will be utilized for a project within ROSHN.

She also highlighted that Saudi Arabia is the first country in the Gulf Cooperation Council to introduce surety bonds, which serve as an alternative to traditional bank performance bonds.

“The second great achievement that we had on contractor financing is a completely new product in the GCC region. It is common across the world, but unfortunately, it was not previously available in the Kingdom, and it is called a surety bond. A surety bond is an insurance alternative to a bank performance bond,” said Abdimomunova. 

She added that the first-ever surety bond in the entire GCC region was signed between Walaa Insurance Co. and System Security Solutions Co. and it will serve one of the projects in Red Sea Global. 

Explaining more about surety bonds, she continued: “Surety bond allows to function like an insurance, where it provides a guarantee to the contractor that they can present to their client as a guarantee that if something wrong happens with the project, then insurance company will step in and cover the losses.”

Abdimomunova further explained that the primary role of the Real Estate and Construction Department is to develop products like surety bonds by collaborating with financial institutions, contractors, and development companies.

She also emphasized the growing importance of localizing building materials, as demand for such products is increasing in the Kingdom due to the ongoing large-scale infrastructure projects.

“What we are trying to do and the target that we created for ourselves is that at least 50 percent of the supply gap should be covered through localization,” said Abdimomunova, adding that the National Development Division is working with PIF development companies to aggregate and estimate the demand for building materials.

“We have now a demand estimate until 2040,” said Abdimomunova as she explained that this information will be leveraged to attract investors and help expand capacity by establishing more factories.

The official also noted that her department is currently collaborating with 270 companies, half of which are based in the Kingdom, while the rest are international. This collaboration aims to increase the number of building material manufacturing factories in Saudi Arabia.

“Today, we have five factories already commenced last year. We expect about 20 more factories to open throughout the next two years. We have close to 100 companies already expressing their intent to localize,” said Abdimomunova. 

She added that her department is assisting companies in identifying investment opportunities, helping them conduct feasibility studies, facilitating connections with relevant ministries and financial institutions, and supporting them throughout the entire investment process.

Abdimomunova also outlined additional efforts by the Real Estate and Construction Department to support contractors in the Kingdom.

She explained that the department is responsible for developing the sector and the ecosystem surrounding the real estate development projects under PIF.

“What my department is doing is basically activating and mobilizing the whole ecosystem, attracting international contractors, working with the local contractors and helping them grow and improve their capabilities, attracting foreign direct investment into manufacturing of building materials, construction equipment, working with the local manufacturing partners to help them expand their capacity and build new factories, as well,” said Abdimomunova. 

She added that the primary goal of her department is to reach out to the private sector outside of the PIF, and bring them in to become the partners of the projects initiated by the sovereign wealth fund. 

According to Abdimomunova, the department is trying to strengthen medium-sized contractors through various initiatives and upskilling projects. 

“We have a Contractor Prequalification Program. It’s a program that we run jointly with the Saudi Contractors Authority. It’s a platform which allows local contractors to register and pre-qualify to work with our development companies. Today we have almost 3,000 contractors registered on the platform and more than 300 contractors pre-qualified,” said Abdimomunova. 

She added: “We also have contractor upskilling bootcamps. It’s a training program. These bootcamps are organized either by ourselves or by development companies. Through these camps,  trying to give them the minimum skills that they need to be able to be invited to the projects and also to win this project.”